Izingozi ze-Nitrogen Dioxide kanye Nezinyathelo Zokuvimbela

Esimweni esiyinkimbinkimbi sokukhiqizwa kwezimboni kanye nezindawo zasemadolobheni, i-nitrogen dioxide NO2 iyigesi efuna ukunakwa kwethu eduze. Akuwona nje umkhiqizo ovamile wezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zezimboni kodwa futhi unomthelela omkhulu ekungcolisweni komoya, okubeka izinsongo kokubili empilweni yabantu nasendaweni ezungezile. Lesi sihloko sizohlola kabanzi imvelo, izingozi, nezindlela zokuvimbela ezihlobene ne-nitrogen dioxide.

Iyini i-Nitrogen Dioxide?

I-nitrogen dioxide iyigesi enombala onsundu ngokubomvu enephunga elimnandi nelicasulayo. Kuyi-nitrogen oxide esebenza kakhulu eyakhiwa ngochungechunge lokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ezilungiselelweni zezimboni, ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, njengasezindaweni zamandla kagesi, amabhoyela ezimbonini, nezinjini zezimoto. Inqubo yokushiswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ibangela ukuba i-nitrogen esemoyeni ihambisane nomoya-mpilo, ikhiqize ama-nitrogen oxide, okukhona kuwo i-nitrogen dioxide eyingxenye evelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimboni zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihileleke ekukhiqizweni kwe-nitric acid, ukuncibilikisa insimbi, nezinqubo ezithile zokukhiqiza amakhemikhali, nazo zikhipha i-nitrogen dioxide njengomkhiqizo okhiqizwayo.

Izingozi ze-Nitrogen Dioxide

1. Umthelela Empilweni Yomuntu

I-nitrogen dioxide inohlu olubanzi lwemiphumela eyingozi empilweni yomuntu, ikakhulukazi eqondise izinhlelo zokuphefumula nenhliziyo.

2. Isimiso Sokuphefumula: Lapho uhogela, i-nitrogen dioxide ingacasula umgudu wokuphefumula. Ngisho nasezindaweni eziphansi zokugxilisa ingqondo, kungabangela ukukhwehlela, ukuhefuzela, ukuphefumula kanzima, nomuzwa wokuqina kwesifuba. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni aphakeme e-nitrogen dioxide kungaholela engcupheni enkulu yokuba nezifo zokuphefumula njenge-bronchitis, isifuba somoya, ne-emphysema. Kubantu abanezimo zokuphefumula ezivele zikhona ngaphambili, njengeziguli ezinesifuba somoya, ukuchayeka ku-nitrogen dioxide kungandisa izimpawu zabo, kwenze kube nzima ukuphefumula futhi kwandise imvamisa yokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.

3. Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ucwaningo olusafufusa luphinde lwaxhumanisa ukuchayeka kwe-nitrogen dioxide nezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kungabangela ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yegazi, kwandise umfutho wegazi, futhi kuphazamise ukusebenza okuvamile kwenhliziyo. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kungase kube nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezifo zenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa i-atherosclerosis nesifo semithambo yenhliziyo, futhi kungase kwandise ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.

4. Ukucindezelwa Kwesimiso Sokuzivikela Ezifweni: Kunobufakazi obusikisela ukuthi i-nitrogen dioxide ingawenza buthaka isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, kwenze abantu bangenwe kalula izifo. Kungase kuphazamise ukusebenza okuvamile kwamangqamuzana omzimba omzimba, kunciphise ikhono lawo lokuvikela umzimba kuma-pathogens ayingozi.

Izingozi Zemvelo

I-nitrogen dioxide idlala indima ebalulekile ezinkingeni ezimbalwa zendawo ezungezile, ikakhulukazi ezihlobene nokungcoliswa komoya namanzi.

Ukungcoliswa Komoya Nokwakhiwa Kwe-Ozone: I-nitrogen dioxide iyisandulela esiyinhloko ekwakhekeni kwe-ozone esezingeni eliphansi, ingxenye enkulu yentuthu. Lapho kukhona ukukhanya kwelanga, i-nitrogen dioxide ihlangana ne-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ngochungechunge lokusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-photochemical. Lokhu kusabela kukhiqiza i-ozone, okuyigesi esebenza kakhulu engalimaza izitshalo, inciphise ukubonakala, futhi yandise izinkinga zokuphefumula kubantu.

Imvula Ye-Acid: I-nitrogen dioxide ingafakwa i-oxidized emkhathini ukuze yakhe i-nitric acid. Uma kuhlangene nomhwamuko wamanzi, kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwemvula ene-asidi. Imvula ene-asidi inemiphumela elimazayo emhlabathini, emahlathini nasezindaweni ezinamanzi. Ingakhipha imisoco ebalulekile enhlabathini, iyenze ingavundi futhi ingalungeli ukukhula kwezitshalo. Emahlathini, imvula ene-asidi ingalimaza izimpande zemithi, amaqabunga namagxolo, yenza izihlahla zibe buthaka futhi zibe sengozini enkulu yezinambuzane nezifo. Emizimbeni yamanzi, imvula ene-asidi ingehlisa izinga le-pH, okwenza amanzi abe ne-asidi kakhulu futhi abe yingozi empilweni yasemanzini, njengezinhlanzi, izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasezweni, kanye nezilwane ezingenamgogodla.

Izingozi zokuvuza kwe-Nitrogen Dioxide

1. Ubuthi obunamandla kanye nokuchayeka engozini enkulu

Ukuvuza kwe-nitrogen dioxide kungakhulula inani elikhulu legesi endaweni ezungezile ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngenxa yephunga layo elibabayo kanye nezakhiwo ezicasulayo, ngisho nokuvuza okuncane kungabangela ukungakhululeki ngokushesha kubantu abaseduze. Ukuchayeka okuphezulu kakhulu kungaholela ekucindezelekeni okunzima kokuphefumula, okuhlanganisa i-bronchitis eyingozi, i-pulmonary edema, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabulala. Izisebenzi ezikhungweni zezimboni lapho kusetshenziswa noma kukhiqizwa i-nitrogen dioxide basengozini enkulu yokuchayeka kakhulu uma kwenzeka kuvuza.

2. Ukungcola Kwesikhathi Eside Nemithelela Yezempilo endaweni Eseduze

Ngisho nangemva kokuba ukuvuza sekuqulekile, i-nitrogen dioxide ehlakazekile ingahlala emoyeni isikhathi esithile, kuye ngezimo zezulu. Ezindaweni ezizungezile, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ku-nitrogen dioxide esezingeni eliphansi kusengaba usongo empilweni yezakhamuzi. Lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni kwezifo zokuphefumula nezenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamaqembu asengozini njengabadala, izingane, nalabo abanezimo zempilo ezivele zikhona.

3. Ukungcoliswa Kwemvelo kanye Nokuphazamiseka Kwe-Ecosystem

I-nitrogen dioxide evuzayo ingangcolisa umhlabathi namanzi endaweni. Njengoba incibilika emanzini emvula noma ingena emhlabathini, ingashintsha izici zamakhemikhali zomhlabathi namanzi, ithinte ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye nemvelo yasemanzini. Ukunqwabelana kwesikhathi eside kwezinto ezingcolisa i-nitrogen emvelweni kungaphazamisa ibhalansi ye-ecosystem, okuholela ekwehleni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Izixazululo Zokuphepha

Ukufakwa kwe-Nitrogen Dioxide Detectors

Ukuvimbela ngempumelelo kanye nokusabela ezingozini ezihlobene ne-nitrogen dioxide, ukufakwa kwezitholi ze-nitrogen dioxide ezindaweni ezijwayele ukukhiqizwa noma ukuvuza kwayo kubalulekile. Njengoba i-nitrogen dioxide isindayo kunomoya, izithungatha kufanele zifakwe ekuphakameni okungamamitha angu-0.5-1.5 ngaphezu komthombo ovuzayo ongase ube khona, inzwa ibheke phansi. Nokho, gwema ukufaka izitholi ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

1. Izindawo ezithintwe ngokuqondile isitimu noma imithombo yomswakama ophezulu (umswakama ohlobene≥90%). Umswakama owedlulele ungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenzwa yomtshina, okuholela ekufundweni okunganembile.

2. Izindawo ezinamaza omoya aqinile, njengendawo eseduze nemigudu yokukhipha umoya, izifeni ezikhipha umoya, noma iminyango. Ukunyakaza komoya okusheshayo kungabangela ukuthi i-nitrogen dioxide ihlakazeke ngokushesha, kuvimbele umtshina ekuboneni ngokunembile ukugcwala kwegesi.

3. Indawo enamazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, angaba ngaphansi kuka-20°C noma ngaphezulu kuka-50°C. Amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu angathinta ukuzinza nokunemba kwezingxenye zomtshina, kunciphise ukwethembeka kwawo.

4. Izindawo ezinokuphazanyiswa okunamandla kazibuthe kagesi, njengendawo eseduze kwezinto zikagesi ezinkulu, ama-transformer, noma izintambo zikagesi. Izinkambu ze-electromagnetic zingaphazamisa amasignali kagesi womtshina, kubangele ama-alamu angamanga noma izilinganiso ezingalungile.

Isincomo sezinsimbi

I-CA-228 Nitrogen Dioxide Detector yefekthri yethu iyisisetshenziswa sesimanjemanje sokuthola igesi esiklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu zokuphepha. Ifaka ubuchwepheshe benzwa ye-electrochemical ethuthukisiwe, enikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ezimbalwa:

1. Ukutholwa Okunembe Kakhulu: Umtshina ungakala ngokunembile ukugxila kwe-nitrogen dioxide ebangeni lika-0-500 ppmwith ukunemba okungu-± 3% kokufunda kwesikali esigcwele. Lesi silinganiso sokunemba okuphezulu siqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho nokwenyuka okuncane kumazinga e-nitrogen dioxide kungatholwa ngesikhathi.

2. Isikhathi Sokuphendula Ngokushesha: Ngesikhathi sokuphendula samasekhondi angu-≤30, ingabona ngokushesha izinguquko ekugxilweni kwe-nitrogen dioxide futhi ixwayise ngokushesha abasebenzi abafanelekile. Le mpendulo esheshayo ibalulekile ekuthatheni izinyathelo ngokushesha ukuvimbela izinhlekelele ezingase zibe khona.

3. Imisebenzi eminingi Isistimu ye-alamu: Ifakwe isistimu ye-alamu yemodi ekabili, okuhlanganisa kokubili ama-alamu azwakalayo nabonakalayo. Imikhawulo ye-alamu ingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zokuphepha, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basethe amazinga ahlukene ezexwayiso ngokusekelwe kubungozi obungaba khona endaweni abasebenza kuyo.

4. Ukuqapha Okukude Nokungena Kwedatha: Umtshina usekela amakhono okuqapha akude, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqaphe ukugcwala kwegesi ngesikhathi sangempela ngedivayisi exhunyiwe, njengekhompyutha noma i-smartphone. Futhi inemisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokungena idatha, engagcina idatha yomlando ukuze ihlaziyeke esikhathini esizayo. Le datha ingasetshenziswa ukulandelela amathrendi ekukhishweni kwe-nitrogen dioxide, ukuhlonza imithombo yokuvuza okungenzeka ibe khona, nokuhlola ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zokuphepha.

5. Idizayini Eqinile Nehlala Isikhathi: Ngesilinganiso sokuvikela se-IP66, umtshina uvikeleke kahle othulini, ekuchaphazeni kwamanzi, nezinye izici zemvelo. Ingasebenza ngokuzinza ezindaweni zezimboni ezinokhahlo, iqinisekise ukusebenza okuthembekile kwesikhathi eside.

Ngokukhetha umtshina wethu we-nitrogen dioxide, ungaqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okuphelele kwendawo yakho yokusebenza, uvikele impilo yabasebenzi bakho, futhi uthobele imithetho eqinile yezemvelo nezokuphepha. Ithimba lethu elichwepheshile labasekeli bezobuchwepheshe lihlinzeka ngeziqondiso zokufaka, izinsizakalo zokulinganisa, nokusekelwa kokulungisa ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi umtshina uhlala usesimweni esikahle sokusebenza.